Soil seal development under simulated rainfall: Structural, physical and hydrological dynamics
(چکیده مقاله) :
Abstract :
This study delivers new insights into rainfall-induced seal formation through a novel approach in the use
of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT). Up to now seal and crust thickness have been directly quantified
mainly through visual examination of sealed/crusted surfaces, and there has been no quantitative
method to estimate this important property. X-ray CT images were quantitatively analysed to derive formal
measures of seal and crust thickness. A factorial experiment was established in the laboratory using
open-topped microcosms packed with soil. The factors investigated were soil type (three soils: silty clay
loam – ZCL, sandy silt loam – SZL, sandy loam – SL) and rainfall duration (2–14 min). Surface seal formation
was induced by applying artificial rainfall events, characterised by variable duration, but constant
kinetic energy, intensity, and raindrop size distribution. Soil porosities derived from CT scans were used
to quantify the thickness of the rainfall-induced surface seals and reveal temporal seal micromorphological
variations with increasing rainfall duration. In addition, the water repellency and infiltration
dynamics of the developing seals were investigated by measuring water drop penetration time
(WDPT) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (Kun). The range of seal thicknesses detected varied from
0.6 to 5.4 mm. Soil textural characteristics and OM content played a central role in the development of
rainfall-induced seals, with coarser soil particles and lower OM content resulting in thicker seals. Two different
trends in soil porosity vs. depth were identifi
of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT). Up to now seal and crust thickness have been directly quantified
mainly through visual examination of sealed/crusted surfaces, and there has been no quantitative
method to estimate this important property. X-ray CT images were quantitatively analysed to derive formal
measures of seal and crust thickness. A factorial experiment was established in the laboratory using
open-topped microcosms packed with soil. The factors investigated were soil type (three soils: silty clay
loam – ZCL, sandy silt loam – SZL, sandy loam – SL) and rainfall duration (2–14 min). Surface seal formation
was induced by applying artificial rainfall events, characterised by variable duration, but constant
kinetic energy, intensity, and raindrop size distribution. Soil porosities derived from CT scans were used
to quantify the thickness of the rainfall-induced surface seals and reveal temporal seal micromorphological
variations with increasing rainfall duration. In addition, the water repellency and infiltration
dynamics of the developing seals were investigated by measuring water drop penetration time
(WDPT) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (Kun). The range of seal thicknesses detected varied from
0.6 to 5.4 mm. Soil textural characteristics and OM content played a central role in the development of
rainfall-induced seals, with coarser soil particles and lower OM content resulting in thicker seals. Two different
trends in soil porosity vs. depth were identifi
(توضیحات تکمیلی) :
(توضیحات تکمیلی) :
Description :
مقاله ISI انگلیسی اصلی
سال انتشار:2018
فایل ISI انگلیسی اصلی ، با فرمت Pdf
تعداد صفحات فایل ISI انگلیسی اصلی: 9 صفحه
سال انتشار:2018
فایل ISI انگلیسی اصلی ، با فرمت Pdf
تعداد صفحات فایل ISI انگلیسی اصلی: 9 صفحه
Authors / Descriptions(نویسندگان/توضیحات): مقاله ISI سال انتشار2018 \ Elena Armenise a,⇑, Robert W. Simmons a,⇑, Sujung Ahn b, Amin Garbout c, Stefan H. Doerr b, Sacha J. Mooney c, Craig J. Sturrock c, Karl Ritz c,a
Sent date(تاریخ ارسال) :
1397/10/19 | 1/9/2019
Number of visits(تعداد بازدید):
680
Key words (کلمات کلیدی):
Soil structural seal Seal/crust thickness quantification X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (Kun) Soil water repellency Simulated rainfall
Number of pages(تعداد صفحات) :
9
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